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Large villages built in summer were positioned at the edge of the forest, which was near the prairies, prime fishing streams, and Lake Michigan. Settlement Pattern, Social Organization, and Kinship Toward spring, the people would regroup either into larger groups for communal hunting for buffalo on the prairies or early fishing in streams which emptied into Lake Michigan. In late fall, the people dispersed in smaller groups and moved to their winter hunting territories, making camp in valleys which sheltered them from winter weather. Hunting was done largely by individuals or in small groups using bows and arrows, and deer, elk, and beaver were the most common hunted species. Women also collected a wide variety of wild plant foods, including berries, nuts, roots, and wild greens. Traditionally, the Potawatomi relied on hunted, fished, and gathered food resources in the summer but also maintained substantial gardens of corn, beans, and squash. In their own language, the word Potawatomi means "Keepers of the Sacred Fire," but they call themselves Neshnabek, which means "the True People." Subsistence and Seasonality Linguistic, archaeological, and historical evidence confirms that the Potawatomi, Ojibwe, and Ottawa descended from a common ethnic origin  the three languages are almost identical. From there, they split off into three separate groups, and the Potawatomi were "Keepers of the Sacred Fire." As such, they were the leading tribe of the alliance the three Indian nations formed after separating from one another. Oral traditions of the Potawatomi, Ojibwe, and Ottawa assert that at one time, all three tribes were one people who lived at the Straits of Mackinac. Throughout their history, the Potawatomi have moved and been moved many times, but their aboriginal territory was in Michigan’s lower peninsula. Potawatomi speak a language of the Algonkian language family and have lived in the Great Lakes region for at least four centuries. View Announcement Search toggle Mobile Menu Toggle Nations in Wisconsin: Sovereignty and Treaty Rights.

Wisconsin Statewide Community Science Project.